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(C) 2013 Masumeh Moghaddam. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 (CC-BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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Citation: Moghaddam M (2013) An annotated checklist of the scale insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with new records and distribution data. ZooKeys 334: 1–92. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.334.5818
A list of scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) of Iran is present based mainly on the literature records since 1902. In total, 13 families and 275 species have been recorded and these are listed along with their locality data and host plants. The families are as follows: Asterolecaniidae, Cerococcidae, Coccidae, Diaspididae, Eriococcidae, Kermesidae, Margarodidae, Monophlebidae, Ortheziidae, Phoenicococcidae, Pseudococcidae, Putoidae and Rhizoecidae. The following ten species are recorded for the first time from Iran: Diaspidiotus lenticularis (Lindinger), Diaspidiotus wuenni (Lindinger), Fiorinia proboscidaria Green, Koroneaspis lonicerae Borchsenius, Eriococcus cingulatus Kiritchenko, Eriococcus pamiricus (Bazarov), Eriococcus reynei Schmutterer, Eriococcus sanguinairensis Goux and Eriococcus saxidesertus (Borchsenius) and Porphyrophora victoriae Jashenko.
Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, coccoidea, annotated checklist, host plants, Iran, new records, locality data
Scale insects (superfamily Coccoidea) are sap-sucking hemipterous insects with an estimated 8000 species within 49 families, of which 16 are only known from fossils (Ben-Dov et al. 2013). They are closely related to the other Sternorrhyncha superfamilies: aphids (Aphidoidea), whiteflies (Aleyrodoidea) and jumping plant lice (Psylloidea) (Gullan and Cook 2007). The taxonomy of the Coccoidea is mainly based on the microscopic cuticular features of the adult female, which is paedomorphic, maturing to a wingless juvenile form with functional mouthparts, whereas the adult male (when present) goes through “prepupal” and “pupal” stages and turns into an alate form with non-functional mouthparts (Kondo et al. 2008). The size of adult females varies from 1 mm in diameter in some diaspidids to 7−9 mm in several monophlebids. Some species are highly cryptic, living well hidden on their host plants, and are very hard to detect. This is particularly true of the immature stages, and these are frequently imported, causing major phytosanitary concerns. Many species of scale insects are economically important pests in agriculture, horticulture and forestry (Ben-Dov 2011–2012). However, only 13 families of scale insects have so far been recorded from Iran.
Although the scale insects of Iran have been relatively well studied, there is still a strong need for further investigations, including extensive collections of these families in Iran. Historically, the first scale insect recorded from Iran was Asterolecanium bornmuelleri (Asterolecaniidae), associated with its host plant Quercus persica (Rüebsaamen 1902). Lindinger (1905) wrote briefly on Iranian scale insects, describing Salicicola kermanensis on poplars. Subsequently Lindinger (1911) described Parlatoria ephedrae on Ephedra nebrodenis and recorded Aonidiella orientalis Newstead, on Ficus sp., and later he also reported Diaspis syriaca on Pistacia sp. (Lindinger 1931). Earlier, Green (1919) had recorded Trabutina serpentina on Tamarix sp., and later Archangelskaya (1937) recorded the following 12 species from Iran: Orthezia urticae (Linnaeus), Palaeolecanium bituberculatum (Signoret), Eulecanium tiliae (Linnaeus), Sphaerolecanium prunastri (Boyer de Fonscolombe), Rhizopulvinaria artemisiae (Signoret), Pulvinaria vitis (Linnaeus), Anapulvinaria pistaciae (Bodenheimer), Parlatoria blanchardi Targioni Tozzetii, Parlatoria oleae Colvée, Lepidosaphes beckii (Newman), Lepidosaphes pistaciae Archangelskaya and Chlidaspis asiatica (Archangelskaya). Afchar (1937) listed 31 scale insects from Iran. Bodenheimer (1944) was the first coccidologist to make a solo expedition to Iran, and he assembled a sizeable collection of Iranian coccoids, recording 34 species, of which two were new: Pulvinaria gossypii (Bodenheimer), and Epidiaspis salicis (Bodenheimer). Borchsenius (1952) added two further new species, Targionia anabasidis (Borchsenius) and Dynaspidiotus amygdalicola Borchsenius. Balachowsky between the years 1937 and 1967 made the greatest contribution to the taxonomy of diaspidids in Iran, and jointly worked with other Iranian entomologists to significantly improve the understanding of the scale insect fauna of the country. Kaussari was the first Iranian coccidologist to extensively revise the diaspidid fauna of Iran, between 1946 and 1970. Later contributions are those of Farahbakhsh (1961), Asadeh and Mosaddegh (1991), Vahedi from 2001 through 2012, Vahedi and Gholami Mahfar (2010), Vahedi and Hodgson (2002, 2002a, 2007), Vahedi and Hodjat (1996), Torabi et al. (2010), Moghaddam (1999 to 2013), Moghaddam and Alikhani (2009, 2010), Moghaddam and Azadbakht (2006), Moghaddam and Bagheri (2011), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010), Moghaddam et al. (2004), Takagi and Moghaddam (2005) and Williams and Moghaddam (1999, 2007).
Additional information has been gleaned from the various catalogues by Borchsenius (1966), Ben-Dov (1993, 1994), Kozár (1998), Kozár and Walter (1985), Miller and Gimpel (2000) and the check-lists of Iranian Coccoidea by Afchar (1937), Kozár et al. (1996), Seghatoleslami (1977) and Moghaddam (2004, 2009).
This present checklist is intended to facilitate access to the most recent data on Iranian Coccoidea for taxonomists and to update the recorded species from Iran. Only records in which Iran is specifically mentioned are cited.
The list contains all species of Coccoidea recorded up to March, 2013 and includes 275 species in 113 genera and 13 families: Asterolecaniidae (seven species.), Cerococcidae (one species), Coccidae (30 species), Diaspididae (151 species), Eriococcidae (14 species), Kermesidae (two species), Margarodidae (seven species), Monophlebidae (five species), Ortheziidae (one species), Phoenicococcidae (one species), Pseudococcidae (54 species), Putoidae (one species) and Rhizoecidae (one species). New records from Iran are marked with asterisks include Diaspidiotus lenticularis (Lindinger), Diaspidiotus wuenni (Lindinger), Fiorinia proboscidaria Green, Koroneaspis lonicerae Borchsenius, Eriococcus cingulatus Kiritchenko, Eriococcus pamiricus (Bazarov), Eriococcus reynei Schmutterer, Eriococcus sanguinairensis Goux, Eriococcus saxidesertus (Borchsenius) and Porphyrophora victoriae Jashenko.
The following 32 species are currently only known from Iran: Asterolecanium bornmuelleri Rübsaamen, Acanthomytilus kurdicus (Bodenheimer), Aspidaspis dentilobus Kaussari & Balachowsky, Chorizococcus viticola Kaydan & Kozár, Chortinaspis salavatiani Balachowsky & Kaussari, Coccidohystrix burumandi Moghaddam, Contigaspis davatchii Kaussari, Contigaspis sarkissiani (Kaussari & Balachowsky), Diaspidiotus baiati (Kaussari), Diaspidiotus iranicus Kaussari & Balachowsky, Diaspidiotus platychaetae Takagi & Moghaddam, Diaspis carmanica Davatchi & Balachowsky, Dynaspidiotus amygdalicola (Borchsenius), Dynaspidiotus medicus Kaussari, Eriococcus abaii (Danzig), Exallomochlus balouchestanensis Moghaddam, Melanaspis louristanus Balachowsky & Kaussari, Parlagena mckenziei Balachowsky, Parlagena remaudierei Kaussari, Peliococcus ilamicus Moghaddam, Phenacoccus betae Moghaddam, Phenacoccus iranica Moghaddam, Phenacoccus karkasicus Moghaddam, Phenacoccus salviacus Moghaddam, Polystomophora arakensis Moghaddam, Porphyrophora chelodonta Vahedi, Pseudotargionia orientalis Balachowsky & Kaussari, Rhodania aeluropi Williams & Moghaddam, Rungaspis avicenniae Takagi & Moghaddam, Spilococcus mirzayansi (Moghaddam), Targionia balachowskyi (Kaussari), Torosapis farsianus (Balachowsky & Kaussari), These possibly endemic species are marked with black spots.
The families are alphabetically ordered and are diagnosed based on the most recent classification of Coccoidea by Ben-Dov et al. (2013), except for Rhizoecidae that follows Hodgson (2012). The genera and species are listed under their families and ordered alphabetically, together with related references, host plants and collecting sites in Iran (Fig. 1). Further information is provided if there are either new host plant or new species records. Full reference citations can be found on ScaleNet (Ben-Dov et al. 2013).
Outline map of Iranian provinces. 1 Azarbaijan - e Garbi 2 Azarbaijan -e Shargi 3 Ardabil 4 Gilan 5 Mazandaran 6 Golestan 7 Khorosan -e Shomali 8 Khorasan -e Razavi 9 Khorasan -e Jonoubi 10 Semnan 11 Tehran 12 Ghazvin 13 Zanjan 14 Kordestan 15 Kermanshah 16 Hamadan 17 Qom 18 Markazi 19 Lorestan 20 Ilam 21 Khouzestan 22 Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari 23 Esfahan 24 Yazd 25 Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad 26 Bushehr 27 Fars 28 Kerman 29 Sistan & Belouchestan 30 Hormozgan
Outline map of Iranian provinces. 1 Azarbaijan - e Garbi 2 Azarbaijan -e Shargi 3 Ardabil 4 Gilan 5 Mazandaran 6 Golestan 7 Khorosan -e Shomali 8 Khorasan -e Razavi 9 Khorasan -e Jonoubi 10 Semnan 11 Tehran 12 Ghazvin 13 Zanjan 14 Kordestan 15 Kermanshah 16 Hamadan 17 Qom 18 Markazi 19 Lorestan 20 Ilam 21 Khouzestan 22 Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari 23 Esfahan 24 Yazd 25 Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad 26 Bushehr 27 Fars 28 Kerman 29 Sistan & Belouchestan 30 Hormozgan
Slide-mounted specimens of most of the species are deposited in the Coccoidea collection, Insect Taxonomy Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Tehran, Iran. Collections are also housed in the Natural History Museum, London, UK (BMNH); Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (MNHN); United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA (USNM); Department of Entomology, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel (ICVI); Zoological Museum, Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia (ZIRAS), Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey and Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg, Germany (ZMUH).
Unknown.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996).
Fars, Golestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1943, 1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Fars, Ilam, Kermanshah, Khouzestan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1943), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Moghaddam (2009, 2010), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Fars.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Fernald (1903), Kozár (1998), Kozár and Drozdják (1998), Lindinger (1912), Rübsaamen (1902), Russell (1941).
Gilan.
Farahbakhsh (1961).
Bushehr, Esfahan, Fars, Khorasan -e Jonoubi, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1960), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009).
Unknown locality.
Unknown plant.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Stumpf and Lambdin (2006).
Ilam, Lorestan, Yazd.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kaussari (1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009, 2010), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Esfahan, Semnan, Yazd.
Amaranthaceae: Haloxylon sp., Noaea mucronata.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Moghaddam (2009).
Esfahan, Hamadan, Golestan, Kerman, Khorasan -e Shomali, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Amaranthaceae: Halocnemum strobilaceum, Haloxylon sp., Noaea mucronata, Salsola oppositifolia; Asteraceae: Achillea sp., Artemisia sp.; Rosaceae: Prunus lycioides; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009, 2010), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
This is the first record for Acanthopulvinaria orientalis from the plant family Rosaceae.
Hormozgan, Kerman, Khorasan -e Jonoubi, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.
Anacardiaceae: Pistacia khinjuk, Rhus coriaria; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009).
This is the first record of Anapulvinaria pistaciae from the plant family Juglandaceae.
Ilam, Kermanshah, Lorestan.
Lamiaceae: Vitex cf. Pseudonegundo.
Ben-Dov (1969), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Ardabil, Fars, Gilan, Mazandaran.
Araliaceae: Hedera pastuchowii; Ebenaceae: Diospyros kaki; Moraceae: Ficus benjamina; Pinaceae: Cedrus sp.; Rosaceae: Cydonia oblonga; Rutaceae: Citrus sinensis; Taxodiaceae: Metasequoia glyptostroboides.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009, 2010).
These are the first records of Ceroplastes floridensis from plant families Moraceae and Taxodiaceae.
Fars, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946a), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009) and Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Gilan, Mazandaran.
Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Rosaceae: Rosa sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009, 2010).
This is the first record of Ceroplastes sinensis from the plant family Lythraceae
Elborz, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Khouzestan, Markazi, Mazandaran, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran.
Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander; Aquifoliaceae: Ilex sp.; Asparagaceae: Yucca baccata; Fabaceae: Alhagi camelorum, Cercis siliquastrum, Robinia pseudo-acacia; Lauraceae: Laurus nobilis; Lycopodiaceae: Lycopodium clavatum; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Moraceae: Ficus benjamina, Ficus carica, Morus alba; Myrsinaceae: Cyclamen coum; Nyctaginaceae: Mirabilis jalapa; Rosaceae: Prunus armeniaca; Rutaceae: Citrus sinensis, Ulmaceae: Ulmus campestris.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1957), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009, 2010) and Torabi et al. (2010).
These are the first records of Coccus hesperidum from the plant families Aquifoliaceae, Asparagaceae, Lycopodiaceae, Moraceae and Rosaceae.
Ben-Dov (1993), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1957), Kozár (1998) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Kermanshah, Markazi.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009) and Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Mazandaran, Zanjan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009).
Azarbaijan -e Garbi.
Unknown plant.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár (1998) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Fars, Kermanshah.
Anacardiaceae: Pistacia sp.; Betulaceae: Corylus avellana.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009).
This is the first record of Eulecanium rugulosum from the plant family Betulaceae.
Esfahan. Kerman, Kermanshah, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran.
Anacardiaceae: Pistacia khinjuk; Rosaceae: Cydonia oblonga, Malus domestica, Prunus caspica, Prunus reutri.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Davoodi et al. (2002), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009) and Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Lorestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Moghaddam (2009), Moghaddam and Azadbakht (2006) and Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Kermanshah.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Torabi et al. (2010).
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Esfahan, Kerman, Kermanshah.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Kozár (1998) and Moghaddam (2009).
This is the first record of Palaeolecanium bituberculatum from the plant family Moraceae.
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Tehran.
Betulaceae: Corylus avellana; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior; Solanaceae: Solanum tuberosum.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov (1993), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kaussari (1957), Kozár (1998) and Moghaddam (2009).
This is the first record of Parthenolecanium corni from the plant family Solanaceae.
Esfahan, Kermanshah, Tehran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009).
Gilan, Golestan, Mazandaran, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Moraceae: Morus alba; Myrtaceae: Psidium guajava; Rutaceae: Citrus bigaradia, Citrus sinensis.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009, 2010).
These are the first records of Pulvinaria aurantii from the plant families Moraceae and Myrtaceae.
Mazandaran, Gilan.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Davatchi (1946), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009, 2010).
Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Ilam, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Razavi, Mazandaran, Tehran, Yazd.
Betulaceae: Alnus sp.; Fabaceae: Robinia sp.; Moraceae: Ficus carica; Rosaceae: Pyrus communis; Salicaceae: Salix sp.; Vitaceae: Vitis persica.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009, 2010).
These are the first records of Pulvinaria vitis from the plant families Fabaceae and Moraceae.
Ardabil, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Golestan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Yazd and Zanjan.
Amaranthaceae: Noaea mucrunata; Asteraceae: Achillea sp., Echinops ritro, Carthamus oxyacantha; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.; Rosaceae: Prunus scoparia.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2001, 2009, 2010).
Ardebil, Ilam, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kordestan, Lorestan.
Amaranthaceae: Noaea mucronata; Asteraceae: Carthamus oxyacantha.
Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Unknown.
Unknown plant.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár (1998) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Gilan.
Celastraceae: Evonymus sp.; Cycadaceae: Cycas sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Gilan, Mazandaran, Tehran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Ahmad (1975), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009, 2010).
Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Esfahan, Tehran, Yazd.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Kaussari (1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009, 2010).
Esfahan, Fars, Kerman, Yazd.
Ephedraceae: Ephedra sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009).
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Balachowsky (1954), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár and Walter (1985) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1966), Kaussari (1964), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Gilan, Golestan, Mazandaran, Tehran.
Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Rosaceae: Amygdalus persica; Oleaceae: Olea europaea; Rutaceae: Citrus sinensis.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Aonidiella aurantii from the plant family Lythraceae.
Gilan, Golestan, Mazandaran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), CAB International (1997), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Aonidiella citrina from the plant family Cornaceae
Bushehr, Fars, Hormozgan, Khouzestan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Anacardiaceae: Mangifera indica; Apocynaceae: Calotropis procera, Nerium oleander, Periploca aphylla; Arecaceae: Cocos nucifera, Phoenix dactylifera; Boraginaceae: Cordia myxa; Fabaceae: Albizia julibrissin, Ceratonia siliqua, Dalbergia sissoo, Prosopis spicigera, Tamarindus indica; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Musaceae: Musa sapientum; Myrtaceae: Callistemon lophanthus, Myrtus communis, Psidium guajava, Syzygium aromaticum; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi; Rutaceae: Citrus bigaradia, Citrus limon, Citrus limetta, Citrus sinensis; Salicaceae: Salix sp.; Sapotaceae: Manilkara zapota; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix indica.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944, 1944a), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946a, 1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Lindinger (1909), Moghaddam (2004), Rosen and DeBach (1979) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Aonidiella orientalis from the plant family Tamaricaceae.
Esfahan, Fars, Kerman, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1964, 1955), Kaussari and Balachowsky (1953b), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Khouzestan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998) and Moghaddam (2004).
Elborz, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Markazi, Golestan, Mazandaran, Tehran.
Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander; Araliaceae: Hedera canariensis; Arecaceae: Phoenix sp.; Asparagaceae: Asparagus officinalis; Oleaceae: Olea europaea; Orchidaceae: Maxillaria, longipetala; Pinaceae: Pinus sp.; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1966), Davatchi (1946), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Aspidiotus nerii from the plant families Asparagaceae and Tamaricaceae.
Unknown.
Unknown plant.
Kozár et al. (1996).
Ardabil, Gilan, Mazandaran, Tehran.
Rosaceae: Rosa sp., Rubus fruticosus.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1966), Davatchi (1946), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Miller and Davidson (2005), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955a, 1957, 1964), Kozár et al. (1996), Seghatoleslami (1977), Moghaddam (2004) and Takagi and Moghaddam (2005).
Unknown.
Unknown plant.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Miller and Davidson (2005).
Golestan, Mazandaran.
Cupressaceae: Cupressus sp., Thuja orientalis; Taxaceae: Taxus sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Miller and Davidson (2005), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Carulaspis minima from the plant family Taxaceae.
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Gilan, Kermanshah.
Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Fars, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Ilam, Lorestan.
Balachowsky (1954), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1964), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Ardabil, Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Gilan, Golestan, Hamadan, Ilam, Mazandaran, Semnan, Tehran.
Betulaceae Alnus sp.; Fagaceae: Quercus sp.; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior; Salicaceae: Populus nigra, Salix sp.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Elborz, Esfahan, Fars, Hamadan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kordestan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran, Yazd.
Rosaceae: Malus domestica, Prunus amygdalus, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus domestica, Prunus lycioides, Prunus persica, Prunus scoparia, Prunus spinosa, Pyrus amygdaliformis and Pyrus communis.
Afchar (1937), Archangelskaya (1930), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1964), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Kermanshah, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Balachowsky and Kaussari (1951), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Seghatoleslami (1977) and Torabi et al. (2010).
Gilan, Mazandaran, Tehran, Zanjan.
Apiaceae: Actinolema eryngioides; Arecaceae: Howea forsteriana, Phoenix sp.; Asparagaceae: Beaucarnea recurvata, Dracaena sp.; Buxaceae: Buxus hyrcana; Fabaceae: Robinia sp.; Moraceae: Ficus benjamina; Oleaceae: Olea europea; Pinaceae: Pinus sp.; Rutaceae: Citrus sinensis; Strelitziaceae: Strelitzia alba; Theaceae: Camellia sinensis.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Chrysomphalus dictyospermi from the plant families Apiaceae and Asparagaceae.
Unknown.
Unknown plant.
Kozár et al. (1996)
Esfahan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1959, 1964), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Contigaspis davatchii from the plant family Amaranthaceae.
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Esfahan, Kerman, Khorasan -e Razavi, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Amaranthaceae: Anabasis sp., Salsola sp., Seidlitzia rosmarinus; Asteraceae: Artemisia abrotanum; Polygonaceae: Atraphaxis spinosa, Calligonum comosum; Zygophyllaceae: Zygophyllum eurypterus.
Balachowsky (1954), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Esfahan, Golestan, Kerman, Yazd.
Asteraceae: Artemisia sp.; Boraginaceae: Heliotropium sp.; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.
Balachowsky (1954), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1964), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Contigaspis sarkissiani from the plant family Fabaceae.
Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Golestan, Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran.
Amaranthaceae: Bassia prostrata; Borajinaceae: Heliotropium sp.; Fabaceae: Indigofera argentea; Lamiaceae: Thymus vulgaris; Rosaceae: Crataegus azarollus.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Borchsenius and Williams (1963), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Contigaspis zillae from the plant families Lamiaceae and Rosaceae.
Kerman, Khorasan -e Shomali, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Cryptoparlatoreopsis halli from the plant family Lythraceae.
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2004).
Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Lorestan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran.
Salicaceae: Populus alba, Salix sp.
Balachowsky (1950a), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Ardabil, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Fars, Ilam, Khouzestan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan.
Ephedraceae: Ephedra sp.; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.; Fagaceae: Castanea sativa; Thymelaeaceae: Daphne angustifolia.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Kaussari (1958, 1964), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Diaspidiotus baiati from the plant families Ephedraceae and Fagaceae.
Fars, Kerman, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Salicaceae: Salix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Esfahan, Fars, Hamadan, Kerman, Kordestan.
Amaranthaceae: Noaea mucronata; Rosaceae: Cotoneaster vulgaris.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Kaussari (1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Diaspidiotus cocconii from the plant family Rosaceae.
Kermanshah, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Torabi et al. (2010).
This is the first record of Diaspidiotus elaeagni from the plant family Fagaceae.
Mazandaran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955a, 1957, 1964), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Esfahan, Fars, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari and Balachowsky (1953), Kaussari (1955, 1964), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Kerman, Khorasan -e Shomali, Tehran.
Salicaceae: Populus alba, Salix sp.
Balachowsky (1950a), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1964), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Polygonaceae: Calligonum sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Fars.
This the first record of Diaspidiotus lenticularis from Iran, identified by B. Kaydan.
Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Mazandaran, Tehran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Ardabil, Gilan, Mazandaran.
Cucurbitaceae: Citrullus vulgaris; Rosaceae: Malus domestica, Prunus sp., Rosa sp.; Salicaceae: Populus euramericana, Populus nigra.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), CABI (1986), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Diaspidiotus pernicosus from the plant family Cucurbitaceae.
Khouzestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Takagi and Moghaddam (2005).
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Golestan, Hamadan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Mazandaran, Tehran, Yazd.
Asteraceae: Echinops ritro; Rosaceae: Malus domestica, Persica vulgaris, Prunus amygdalus, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus domestica, Prunus lycioides, Prunus persica, Amygdalus reuteri Prunus spinosa, Rosa sp.; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Balachowsky (1950a), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Dastgheyb-Beheshti et al. (1988), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Moghaddam (2004, 2010), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Diaspidiotus prunorum from the plant family Tamaricaceae.
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Khorasan -e Razavi.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Elborz, Golestan, Khorasan -e Shomali, Lorestan, Markazi, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior; Salicaceae: Populus euphratica, Salix caprica.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944, 1944a), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Diaspidiotus slavonicus from the plant family Oleaceae.
Esfahan, Golestan, Kerman.
Rosaceae: Cotoneaster kotschyi, Prunus armeniaca; Fagaceae: Quercus castaneifolia; Salicaceae: Populus sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Diaspidiotus transcaspiensis from the plant family Rosaceae.
Elborz, Kerman, Khorasan -e Shomali, Lorestan, Tehran, Zanjan.
Salicaceae: Populus sp., Salix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Kermanshah.
This is the first record of Diaspidiotus wuenni from Iran, identified by B. Kayadan.
Fars, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Moghaddam (2004), Kozár et al. (1996).
Gilan.
Arecaceae: Chamaerops sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Fars, Kerman.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Davatchi and Balachowsky (1956), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1964), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Tehran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Bodenheimer (1944).
Ilam, Kerman.
Balachowsky (1954), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Poaceae: Cynodon dactylon, Phragmites sp.
Balachowsky (1954), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Ardabil, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Hormozgan, Lorestan.
Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Unknown.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Kaussari (1954).
Fars, Ilam, Kerman, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1952, 1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1964), Komosinska (1969), Kozár (1998), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Unknown.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Kaussari (1954).
Unknown.
Aquifoliaceae: Ilex sp.; Araliaceae: Hedera helix; Asparagaceae: Ruscus aculeatus;Buxaceae: Buxus sp.; Lauraceae: Laurus nobilis.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Kaussari (1954).
Fars, Hormozgan, Kerman, Semnan, Yazd.
Ephedraceae: Ephedra sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Unknown.
Anacardiaceae: Pistacia lentiscus; Ericaceae: Arbutus unedo; Myrtaceae: Myrtus communis.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Kaussari (1954).
Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Cruciferae: Sameraria; Rutaceae: Haplophyllum sp.; Solanaceae: Withania somnifera.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1956, 1964), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Dynaspidiotus medicus from the plant family Solanaceae.
Gilan, Kermanshah.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1954, 1957, 1964), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Golestan.
Ephedraceae: Ephedra sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Moghaddam (2000a, 2004, 2010).
Ghazvin.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Davatchi (1958), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kozár (1998) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Tehran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Balachowsky (1954), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Miller and Davidson (2005).
Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari.
Salicaceae: Salix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944a), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1964), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Hormozgan, Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander, Periploca aphylla; Capparaceae: Capparis decidua; Solanaceae: Withania somnifera.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1964), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Fiorinia distinctissima from the plant families Capparaceae and Solanaceae.
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Unknown plant.
This is the first record of Fiorinia proboscidaria from Iran, identified by M. Moghaddam.
Gilan.
Ben-Dov (1988), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Semnan, Tehran.
Unknown plant.
Balachowsky (1959), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Gilan, Mazandaran, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2004, 2010).
Gilan, Mazandaran, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Celastraceae: Euonymus japonicus; Fabaceae: Robinia sp.; Moraceae: Ficus sp.; Oleaceae: Olea europea.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Davatchi (1946), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Fars, Kermanshah, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad.
Balachowsky (1954), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Fars, Kerman, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad.
Caprifoliaceae: Lonicera sp.
This is the first record of Koroneaspis lonicerae from Iran, identified by M. Moghaddam.
Mazandaran.
Moghaddam (2003, 2004, 2010).
Unknown.
Unknown plant.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996).
Mazandaran.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Lepidosaphes beckii from the plant family Buxaceae.
Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Kerman.
Acanthaceae: Avicenniae officinalis; Arecaceae: Nannorrhops ritchiana; Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander, Periploca aphylla; Fabaceae: Acacia sp., Prosopis spicigera.
Balachowsky (1954), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Kaussari (1955, 1964), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Takagi and Moghaddam (2005) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Lepidosaphes belutchistana from the plant families Acanthaceae and Arecaceae.
Esfahan, Fars, Ghazvin, Golestan, Kerman, Khorasan -e Jonoubi, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran.
Elaeagnaceae: Elaeagnus angustifolia; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Moraceae: Ficus carica; Ulmaceae: Ulmus campestris.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Gilan, Mazandaran.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Esfahan, Khorasan -e Jonoubi.
Elaeagnaceae: Eleagnus sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kaussari (1964) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Hamadan, Tehran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Elborz, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Hamadan, Kerman, Khorasan -e Razavi, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Mazandaran, Tehran.
Fabaceae: Astragalus sp., Cercis siliquastrum; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior; Rosaceae: Cotoneaster vulgaris, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus persica, Prunus sp.; Salicaceae: Populus nigra; Thymelaeaceae: Daphne angustifolia; Ulmaceae: Ulmus sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Lepidosaphes malicola from the plant families Lythraceae, Thymelaeaceae and Ulmaceae.
Kerman.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Danzig and Pellizzari (1998) and Kozár (1998).
This is the first record of Lepidosaphes newsteadi from the plant family Apocynaceae.
Gilan, Golestan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Acanthaceae: Avicennia officinalis; Apocynaceae: Nerium sp.; Cupressaceae: Juniperus communis; Pinaceae: Pinus sp.; Rosaceae: Mespilus germanica;Taxodiaceae: Cryptomeria sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Lepidosaphes pallida from the plant families Acanthaceae, Apocynaceae and Rosaceae.
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Takagi and Moghaddam (2005).
This is the first record of Lepidosaphes pallidula from the plant family Solanaceae.
Unknown.
Unknown plant.
Archangelskaya (1937) and Ben-Dov et al. (2013).
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Esfahan, Fars, Ghazvin, Ilam, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Razvi, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.
Archangelskaya (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Unknown.
Uknown plant.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Ardabil, Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Lorestan, Markazi, Mazandaran, Tehran.
Aceraceae: Acer sp.; Betulaceae: Alnus glutinosa, Corylus avellana; Fabaceae: Cercis siliquastrum, Spartium junceum; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior; Rosaceae: Crataegus ambigua, Mespilus germanica, Prunus sp., Rosa sp.; Salicaceae: Populus nigra, Salix sp.; Ulmaceae: Ulmus carpinifolia.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Elborz, Fars, Golestan, Mazandaran, Tehran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Kermanshah, Zanjan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Gilan, Hormozgan, Mazandaran, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Aceraceae: Acer insigne; Betulaceae: Corylus avellana; Buxaceae: Buxus hyrcana; Caprifoliaceae: Lonicera caprifolium; Celastraceae: Euonymus japonicus; Fabaceae: Robinia sp.; Magnoliaceae: Magnolia grandiflora; Moraceae: Ficus bengalensis, Ficus carica, Ficus riligiosa, Morus alba; Rosaceae: Cydonia oblonga, Mespilus germanica, Rosa sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kaussari (1970), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár et al. (1996), Miller and Davidson (2005), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Lopholeucaspis japonica from the plant family Buxaceae.
Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Bushehr, Fars, Kerman, Kermanshah, Kordestan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan, Yazd.
Aceraceae: Acer cinerascens; Brassicaceae: Anabasis sp.; Anacardiaceae: Pistacia khinjuk, Pistacia mutica; Euphorbiaceae: Ricinus communis; Fabaceae: Acacia sp., Astragalus sp.; Fagaceae: Quercus sp.; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior; Rosaceae: Malus domestica, Prunus avium, Pyrus sp.; Salicaceae: Salix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Melanaspis inopinata from the plant families Brassicaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Fagaceae.
Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Fars, Ilam, Kermanshah, Kordestan, Khouzestan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan.
Balachowsky and Kaussari (1953), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1964, 1955), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Amaranthaceae: Suaeda nudiflora; Sapindaceae: Stocksia brahuica; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Mercetaspis bicuspis from the plant families Amaranthaceae and Sapindaceae.
Kerman.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Ardabil, Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Hamadan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.
Anacardiaceae: Pistacia khinjuk; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp., Ebenus stellata; Rosaceae: Amygdalus communis, Amygdalus lycioides, Amygdalus persica, Amygdalus reuteri, Amygdalus scoparia, Armeniaca vulgaris, Prunus amygdalus, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus domestica, Prunus persica, Prunus reuteri, Prunus sorparia, Prunus spinosa.
Balachowsky (1954), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Miller and Davidson (2005), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Mercetaspis halli from the plant family Anacardiaceae.
Esfahan, Hormozgan, Kerman.
Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Balachowsky (1954), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Seghatoleslami (1977) and Takagi and Moghaddam (2005).
Golestan.
Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.
Moghaddam (2001, 2010)
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Takagi and Moghaddam (2005).
Unknown.
Uknown plant.
Kozár et al. (1996).
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Takagi and Moghaddam (2005).
Bushehr, Esfahan, Hormozgan, Ilam, Khouzestan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Balachowsky (1950), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1964, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Esfahan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Convolvulaceae: Convolvulus sp.; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Zygophyllaceae: Zygophyllum eurypeterum.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955a, 1957, 1964, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Parlagena remaudierei from the plant families Convolvulaceae and Lythraceae.
Unknown.
Unknown plant.
Kozár et al. (1996).
Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman, Kermanshah, Kordestan.
Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Moraceae: Ficus carica; Polygonaceae: Calligonum denticulatum; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi; Rosaceae: Prunus spinosa, Rosa sp.; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.; Zygophyllaceae: Zygophyllum sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Parlatoreopsis longispina from the plant family Tamaricaceae.
Kerman.
Ephedraceae: Ephedra sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Kaussari (1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Bushehr, Fars, Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.
Arecaceae: Chamaerops humilis, Nannorrhops ritchiana, Phoenix dactylifera.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1966), Carpenter and Elmer (1978), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Miller and Davidson (2005), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010), Seghatoleslami (1977).
Unknown.
Unknown plant.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár (1998) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Bushehr, Fars, Hormozgan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khouzestan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Anacardiaceae: Mangifera indica; Apocynaceae: Calotropis procera; Nerium oleander; Arecaceae: Phoenix dactylifera; Asparagaceae: Yucca baccata; Boraginaceae: Cordia sp.; Convolvulaceae: Ipomoea sp.; Fabaceae: Acacia sp., Albizzia lebbek, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Indigofera argentea;: Lythraceae: Lawsonia inermis; Meliaceae: Melia azadirachta; Moraceae: Ficus bengalensis; Morus alba; Myrtaceae: Myrtus communis; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior, Olea europea; Polygonaceae: Calligonum comosum; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi; Rosaceae: Malus domestica, Pyrus communis, Rosa sp.; Rutaceae: Citrus limonia.
Balachowsky (1953), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Matile-Ferrero (1984), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Parlatoria crypta from the plant families Asclepiadaceae, Asparagaceae, Boraginaceae, Convolvulaceae, Fabaceae, Lythraceae, Polygonaceae and Rhamnaceae.
Esfahan, Golestan, Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ephedraceae: Ephedra sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Ardebil, Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Elborz, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Razvi, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan, Mazandaran, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran, Yazd.
Anacardiaceae: Pistacia mutica, Rhus coriaria; Apiaceae: Heracleum persicum; Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander; Asparagaceae: Asparagus plumosus; Berberidaceae: Berberis vulgaris; Boraginaceae: Cordia myxa; Ebenaceae: Diospyrus kaki; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp., Gleditsia sp., Robinia pseudo-acacia; Fagaceae: Quercus sp.; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Malvaceae: Hibiscus syriacus; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior, Jasminum officinalis, Olea europea;Rhamnaceae: Rhamnus sp.; Rosaceae: Cotoneaster vulgaris, Crataegus ambigua, Cydonia vulgaris, Malus domestica, Mespilus germanica, Persica vulgaris, Prunus amygdalus, Prunus armenica, Prunus avium, Prunus caspica, Pyrus communis, Pyrus persica, Rosa damascena; Rutaceae: Citrus sp.; Salicaceae: Populus tremula; Ulmaceae: Ulmus campestris.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1966), Davatchi (1946), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Parlatoria oleae from the plant families Apiaceae and Fagaceae.
Gilan, Mazandaran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Gilan, Mazandaran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Gilan, Mazandaran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Gilan, Golestan, Mazandaran.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Gilan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Arecaceae: Chamaerops humilis; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Seghatoleslami (1977), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Fabaceae: Acacia sp.; Malvaceae: Gossypium arboreum; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi.
Moghaddam (2000).
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Bushehr, Esfahan, Fars, Khouzestan, Khorasan -e Razavi, Khorasan -e Shomali, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.
Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Moghaddam (2002).
Ardabil, Gilan, Golestan, Mazandaran.
Actinidiaceae: Actinida chinensis; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Moraceae: Morus alba; Pinaceae: Pinus sp.; Rosaceae: Prunus persica; Rutaceae: Citrus bigaradia; Salicaceae: Salix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Pseudaulacaspis pentagona from the plant family Pinaceae.
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Moghaddam (2001, 2004), Kaussari (1970) and Kozár (1998).
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Bignoniaceae: Catalpa speciosa; Fabaceae: Acacia farnesiana; Sapindaceae: Stocksia brahuica.
Balachowsky and Kaussari (1951), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1964), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Pseudotargionia orientalis from the plant families Bignoniaceae and Fabaceae.
Golestan.
Asteraceae: Achillea sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2004, 2010).
Unknown
Kozár et al. (1996).
Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Takagi and Moghaddam (2005).
Hormozgan.
Balachowsky (1958), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Seghatoleslami (1977) and Takagi and Moghaddam (2005).
Esfahan, Hormozgan, Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Amaranthaceae: Anabasis aphylla; Asclepiadaceae: Calotropis procera; Fabaceae: Robinia sp.
Ben-Dov (1980), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1958, 1964), Kaussari and Farahbakhsh (1968), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Rungaspis macrolobis from the plant families Asclepiadaceae and Fabaceae.
Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Bushehr, Elborz, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan, Tehran.
Aceraceae: Acer cinerascens; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior, Olea europea; Rosaceae: Prunus domestica, Prunus reuteri, Pyrus communis; Thymelaeaceae: Daphne angustifolia; Ulmaceae: Celtis australis.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977) and Takagi and Moghaddam (2005).
These are the first records of Salicicola archangelskyae from the plant families Aceraceae and Ulmaceae.
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Fars, Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman, Kermanshah, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Anacardiaceae: Pistacia khinjuk; Moraceae: Ficus carica, Pistacia mutica; Rosaceae: Prunus lycioides.
Balachowsky and Kaussari (1951), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1964, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Salicicola davatchi from the plant family Rosaceae.
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Elborz, Esfahan, Fars, Golestan, Kerman, Khorasan -e Shomali, Khouzestan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Markazi, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.
Salicaceae: Populus alba, Populus euphratica, Populus nigra, Salix babylonica.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946, 1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Kerman, Kermanshah.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Hormozgan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1952), Danzig (1993), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955), Kozár (1998) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Yazd.
Amaranthaceae: Haloxylon sp.
Bazarov and Shmelev (1971), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2004).
Esfahan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Moraceae: Haloxylon sp.; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1952, 1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
This is the first record of Targionia balachowskyi from the plant family Amaranthaceae.
Lorestan.
Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.; Thymelaeaceae: Daphne sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kaussari (1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Amaranthaceae: Anabasis sp.; Resedaceae: Ochradenus rostratus, Ochradenus socotrnus.
Balachowsky (1951), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Esfahan, Fars, Hormozgan, Kerman, Yazd.
Amaranthaceae: Anabasis sp., Seidlitzia schweinfurthii; Asteraceae: Artemisia sp.; Zygophyllaceae: Zygophyllum eurypeterum.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari and Balachowsky (1953), Kaussari (1957, 1964, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
These are the first records of Targionia porifera from the plant families Amaranthaceae and Asteraceae.
Gilan, Golestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Danzig (1993), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1955, 1970), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2004, 2010) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Gilan, Kerman.
Cupressaceae: Cupressus sp.
Moghaddam (2004, 2010).
Fars.
Cupressaceae: Cupressus sp.
Balachowsky and Alkan (1956), Balachowsky and Kaussari (1955), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Danzig and Pellizzari (1998), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1964), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Kozár and Walter (1985), Moghaddam (2004, 2010), Takagi (1970) and Ülgentürk and Kozár (2011).
Gilan.
Balachowsky (1954), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1966), Kozár et al. (1996) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Unknown.
Araucariaceae: Araucaria sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Gilan, Mazandaran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009, 2010).
Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996), Miller and Gimpel (2000), Moghaddam (2009), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010) and Tang and Hao (1995).
Azarbaijan -e Sharghi.
Unknown Plant.
This is the first record of Eriococcus cingulatus from Iran, identified by F. Kozár.
Kermanshah.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Torabi et al. (2010).
Kermanshah.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Torabi et al. (2010).
Golestan, Khorasan -e Shomali.
Moghaddam (2001, 2009, 2010)
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Unknown plant.
This is the first record of Eriococcus pamiricus in Iran, identified by M. Moghaddam.
Ghazvin.
This is the first record of Eriococcus reynei in Iran, identified by F. Kozár.
Ardabil.
Unknown plant.
This is the first record of Eriococcus sanguinairensis in Iran, identified by F. Kozár.
Ardabil.
Unknown plant.
This is the first record of Eriococcus saxidesertus in Iran, identified by F. Kozár.
Esfahan, Fars, Golestan, Hamadan, Kerman, Markazi.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Hoy (1963), Kaussari (1946, 1957), Kozár (1998), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009, 2010) and Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Khouzestan.
Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Moghaddam (2009).
Tehran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Hoy (1963) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Kermanshah, Lorestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Bodenheimer (1941, 1944).
Kermanshah.
Unknown plant.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Vahedi and Hodgson (2007).
Azarbaijan -e Sharghi.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009), Torabi et al. (2010), Vahedi (2002) and Vahedi and Hodgson (2007).
Ardabil, Hamadan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kaussari (1957), Kozár et al. (1996), Vahedi (2002) and Vahedi and Hodgson (2007).
Kermanshah.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Vahedi and Hodgson (2007).
Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Kerman.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Moghaddam (2009) and Vahedi and Hodgson (2007).
Ardabil, Hamadan, Kermanshah, Kordestan, Zanjan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009), Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010), Safar Alizadeh and Bahador (1987), Torabi et al. (2010), Vahedi (2001), Vahedi and Gholami Mahfar (2010) and Vahedi and Hodgson (2007).
Markazi.
This the first record of Porphyrophora victoriae from Iran, identified by R. Jashenko.
Khorasan -e Razvi.
Moghaddam (2009).
Kermanshah, Lorestan.
Unknown plant.
Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2009).
Unknown.
Kozár et al. (1996).
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Moghaddam (2009).
Ardebil, Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Golestan, Hamadan, Ilam, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Jonoubi, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Zanjan.
Apiaceae: Eryngium bungei; Asteraceae: Artemisia sp., Gundelia sp., Echinops ritro, Echinops persicae; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.; Thymelaeaceae: Daphne angustifolia.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Moghaddam (2009) and Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Kerman, Kermanshah, Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.
Afchar (1937), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1946), Moghaddam (2004) and Seghatoleslami (1977).
Unknown.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2013).
Bushehr, Khouzestan.
Poaceae: Poa sp., Saccharum officinarum.
Ben-Dov (1994), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Hendricks and Kosztarab M. (1999), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2013) and Williams (1970).
Khouzestan.
Asadeh and Mosaddegh (1991), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2013).
Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Hamadan, Ilam, Kermanshah.
Euphorbiaceae: Euphorbia sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Kaussari (1957), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009, 2013).
Fars.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Fallahzadeh et al. (2010) and Moghaddam (2013).
Markazi.
Euphorbiaceae: Euphorbia sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Moghaddam and Alikhani (2009) and Moghaddam (2013).
Khouzestan.
Asteraceae: Lactuca sp.
Asadeh and Mosaddegh (1991), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2013).
This is the first record of Dysmicoccus boninsis from the plant family Asteraceae.
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Moghaddam (1999, 2004a, 2006, 2009, 2013).
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Moghaddam (2009, 2013) and Williams and Moghaddam (2007).
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Moghaddam (2013).
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Boraginaceae: Cordia myxa; Moraceae: Ficus carica, Ficus religiosa; Myrtaceae: Myrtus communis, Psidium guajava.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Moghaddam (2004a, 2006, 2009, 2013).
Hormozgan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Moghaddam (2004a, 2006, 2009, 2013).
Khouzestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009, 2013).
Fars, Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Anacardiaceae: Mangifera indica; Arecaceae: Phoenix dactylifera; Combretaceae: Terminalia catappa; Convolvulaceae: Ipomoea sp.; Fabaceae: Acacia arabica, Albizzia sp., Prosopis sp., Prosopis spicigera; Lythraceae: Lawsonia inermis; Malvaceae: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Hibiscus syriacus; Moraceae: Ficus riligiosa, Morus alba; Myrtaceae: Psidium guajava, Syzygium aromaticum; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi; Rutaceae: Citrus sinensis; Salicaceae: Salix sp.; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Fallahzadeh et al. (2007) and Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2013).
This is the first record of Maconellicoccus hirsutus from the plant family Tamaricaceae.
Ghazvin.
Kaussari (1957) and Kozár et al. (1996).
Bushehr, Fars, Hormozgan, Khouzestan, Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.
Acanthaceae: Avicennia officinalis; Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander; Fabaceae: Prosopis spicigera; Moraceae: Morus alba; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi; Rutaceae: Citrus bigaradia, Citrus sinensis; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.; Ulmaceae: Ulmus sp.
Asadeh and Mosaddegh (1991), Ben-Dov (1994), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2013).
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Fars.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2013).
Ilam.
Moghaddam (2013).
Fars, Khouzestan.
Amaranthaceae: Noaea sp.; Fabaceae: Prosopis stephaniana.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2013).
This is the first record of Peliococcus kimmericus from the plant family Amaranthaceae.
Khouzestan, Yazd.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009, 2013).
Tehran.
Moghaddam (2002, 2009).
Kermanshah, Tehran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009, 2010, 2013) and Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2010).
Yazd.
Amaranthaceae: Haloxylon sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Moghaddam (2003, 2009, 2010, 2013).
Kermanshah, Markazi.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Moghaddam (2010a, 2013).
Tehran.
Moghaddam (2013).
Esfahan.
Moghaddam (2013).
Kerman.
Moghaddam (2013).
Esfahan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Moghaddam (2010, 2013).
Bushehr, Markazi, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.
Amaranthaceae: Halocharis sulpurea; Asteraceae: Centaurea virgata; Brassicaceae: Descuriana sophia, Lepidium latifolium; Fabaceae: Alhagi cameorum; Geraniaceae: Erodium neuradifolium; Lamiaceae: Salvia bracteata.
Moghaddam (2013).
Markazi.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Moghaddam (2010, 2013) and (Moghaddam and Alikhani (2010).
Sistan & Balouchestan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Kaussari (1957), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2013).
Esfahan, Fars.
Amaranthaceae: Celosia cristata; Asteraceae: Chrysanthemum morifolium; Poaceae: Festuca arundinacea.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2010, 2013), Moghaddam and Alikhani (2010) and Moghaddam et al. (2004).
Bushehr, Hormozgan.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Moghaddam (2013) and Moghaddam and Bagheri (2011).
Esfahan, Markazi, Tehran.
Brassicaceae: Descurainia sophia, Raphanus sativus; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Moghaddam (2009, 2013).
Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Khouzestan, Markazi, Mazandaran, Tehran.
Apocynaceae: Adenium obesum, Nerium oleander; Arecaceae: Chamacyparis lawsoniana; Caryophyllaceae: Dianthus barbatus; Crassulaceae: Crassula sp.; Cupressaceae: Cupressus sp.; Ebenaceae: Diospyros kaki; Euphorbiaceae: Codiaeum variegatum, Euphorbia pulcherrima; Moraceae: Ficus benjamina, Ficus carica, Ficus elastica, Morus alba; Oleaceae: Forsythia intermedia, Fraxinus excelsior; Platanaceae: Platanus orientalis; Poaceae: Oryza sativa; Rutaceae: Citrus bigaradia, Citrus sinensis; Rosaceae: Rosa sp.; Strelitziaceae: Strelitzia alba.
Afchar (1937), Asadeh and Mosaddegh (1991), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2010, 2013), William and Moghaddam (1999).
These are the first records of Planococcus citri from the plant families Caryophyllaceae, Crassulaceae and Cupressaceae.
Elborz, Fars, Ghom, Khorasan -e Razavi, Markazi, Tehran.
Cucurbitaceae: Citrullus vulgaris; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Moraceae: Ficus carica; Vitaceae: Vitis persica.
Asadeh and Mosaddegh (1991), Ben-Dov (1994), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Cox (1989), Kaussari (1946), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2013) and Williams and Moghaddam (2000).
This is the first record of Planococcus ficus from the plant family Cucurbitaceae.
Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Kerman, Tehran.
Cupressaceae: Cupressus sp.
Ben-Dov (1994), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Cox (1989), Cox and Ben-Dov (1986), Kozár et al. (1996), Lotfalizadeh and Ahmadi (2000), Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2010, 2013) and Williams and Moghaddam (1999).
Markazi.
Polygonaceae: Atraphaxis sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Moghaddam (2010, 2013) and Moghaddam and Alikhani (2010).
Ghazvin, Gilan, Khorasan -e Shomali, Mazandaran, Tehran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2009, 2010, 2013).
Unknown.
Unknown plant.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2013).
Gilan, Mazandaran, Tehran.
Buxaceae: Buxus hyrcana; Celastraceae: Euonymus sp.
Ben-Dov (1994), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kaussari (1957), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2010, 2013).
This is the first record of Pseudococcus longispinus from the plant family Buxaceae.
Esfahan, Gilan, Tehran.
Amaranthaceae: Amaranthus blitum; Araceae: Dieffenbachia sp., Phoenix sp.; Bignoniaceae: Catalpa speciosa; Buxaceae: Buxus hyrcana; Cupressaceae: Cupressus sp.; Euphorbiaceae: Codiaeum variegatum; Fabaceae: Albizzia sp., Cercis siliquastrum; Ginkgoaceae: Ginko biloba; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Moraceae: Ficus carica, Morus alba; Rosaceae: Rosa sp.; Solanaceae: Solanum tuberosum; Theaceae: Camellia sinensis; Vitaceae: Vitis persica.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Ben-Dov (1994), Bodenheimer (1944), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2010, 2013).
These are the first records of Pseudococcus viburni from the plant families Amaranthaceae and Ginkgoaceae.
Khouzestan.
Moghaddam (2013).
Esfahan, Fars, Khouzestan.
Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2009, 2013) and Williams and Moghaddam (2007).
Unknown.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2013).
Tehran.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Moghaddam (2010a, 2013) and Tsai and Wu (2011).
Ardabil, Kermanshah.
Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Kozár et al. (1996), Moghaddam (2013) and Torabi et al. (2010).
Esfahan, Khorasan -e Shomali.
Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Danzig and Miller (1996) and Moghaddam (2013).
Ardabil, Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Bushehr, Hormozgan, Gilan, Kerman, Khouzestan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Zanjan.
Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Bodenheimer (1944), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2010, 2013).
Ardabil, Esfahan, Fars, Hamadan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Shomali, Lorestan, Markazi.
Apiaceae: Echinophora sp.; Asteraceae: Cirsium sp., Echinops ritro, Lactuca sp., Matricaria chamomilla, Klasea cerinthifolia; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.; Malvaceae: Hibiscus sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Moghaddam (2006, 2009, 2013).
Fars.
Amaryllidaceae: Amaryllis sp.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Farahbakhsh (1961), Kozár et al. (1996) and Moghaddam (2013).
Ardebil, Esfahan, Zanjan.
Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.
Ben-Dov (1994), Ben-Dov et al. (2013), Borchsenius (1949), Danzig (1999), and Moghaddam (2009, 2013).
Esfahan, Markazi, Tehran.
Cactaceae: Gymnocalycium baldianium; Crassulaceae: Echeveria sp.; Poaceae: Festuca arundinacea.
Ben-Dov et al. (2013) and Moghaddam (2001, 2009, 2013).
These are the first records of Rhizoecus albidus from the plant families Cactaceae and Crassulaceae.
The author thanks Dr. C. Hodgson (National Museum of Wales, Cardiff) for his constructive and helpful suggestions on the developing manuscript; I am also grateful to Dr. M. Parchami-Araghi, a colleague in the Insect Taxonomy Research Department (ITRD), the Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), for his helpful suggestions, and other colleagues for collecting the material now in the Hayk Mirazyans Insect Museum (HMIM). Also special thanks to F. Parsi for providing the Map of Iran.